Propagation - Basal Cuttings
Overview
Some types of plants produce new shoots (basal shoots) at the base of older stems in spring and early summer, e.g. Chrysanthemums thus making them a suitable source of cutting material.
This technique is known as Asexual Propagation, which relates to propagating by vegetative methods (Cuttings)
If necessary scrape the soil away from the base of the plant, then with a sharp knife, razor blade or scalpel, carefully cut away new shoots approx 75-100mm (3"- 4") long.
Leave shorter shoots to develop for cutting at a later date.
Trim the cutting to just under a leaf node (leaf joint/scar), and remove the lower leaves to expose approx 25-50mm(1"-2") of stem.
If a cutting becomes detached with roots on, leave the roots intact and the cutting will establish itself quicker.
This is known as an Irishman's cutting.
Dip cutting in rooting powder/fluid (optional) then insert the cutting into the compost.
Fill a tray or pot with sieved compost, do not compact it, just tap it gently on the bench, and soak it thoroughly with water*.
*Alternatively water the cuttings after they have all been inserted into the compost.
Sprinkle about 6-12 mm (¼"-½") of silver sand over the compost.
Notice that the silver sand has been washed into the compost, this should ensure that there are no voids around the cutting, and that the whole surface is in contact with the compost!
Place the tray / pot in a warm place, preferably with bottom heat.
A soil temperature of around 16°C (60°F) and a minimum air temperature of 10°C (50°F) is ideal.
Give the cuttings plenty of light, but ensure that they are not scorched by direct sunlight.
Depending upon the heat available cuttings may dehydrate resolve this by spraying them with clean water or a fungicide mixture to re-hydrate them.
Wipe the inside of the transparent cover daily to remove excess condensation.
A sign that the cuttings have rooted is, the growing tip will have turned a fresh green colour.
Pot on into 75 mm (3") pots of potting compost when rooted.
Gradually 'harden off' cuttings until planting out time!
If only a small number of cuttings are required an alternative method is to place several cuttings around the edge of a suitable sized pot,cover it with a plastic bag, held in position with a rubber band.